Kukosha kweZvigadzirwa zveRare Earth muTernary Catalysts

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Zvigadzirwa zveRare earth zvinoita basa guru mukugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwe three-way catalysts, izvo zvinhu zvakakosha mu automotive control emission systems. Izvi zvakagadzirwa kuderedza kusvibiswa kunokuvadza kubva mu internal combustion engines, kunyanya izvo zve nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, uye hydrocarbons. Kubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zve rare earth mu three-way catalysts kwakavandudza zvikuru kushanda kwavo uye kushanda zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha muindasitiri yemotokari.

Zvigadzirwa zveRare earth iboka rezvinhu zvemakemikari zvinoratidza hunhu hwakasiyana hwemagetsi, hwemaziso, uye hwemagineti. Zvinhu zveRare earth zvakaita secerium, lanthanum, uye neodymium (Cerium ammonium nitrate, Cerium oxide, cerium nitrate, cerium carbonate, uye lanthanum nitrate) ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa mu catalysis. Izvi zvinozivikanwa nekukwanisa kwavo kubatsira maitiro akasiyana-siyana emakemikari uye zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya se catalysts mumaindasitiri. Semuenzaniso, Cerium oxide chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinotsigira catalyst, zvichipa kugona kwakanyanya kuchengetedza okisijeni uye kukurudzira kushandurwa kwezvinosvibisa zvinokuvadza kuita zvinhu zvisingakuvadzi zvakanyanya. Lanthanum ne neodymium zvinoshandiswawo kuwedzera kugadzikana kwekupisa uye basa re catalytic rema catalysts matatu. Kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zverare earth muma catalysts aya kwakaita kuti pave nekufambira mberi kukuru mu tekinoroji yekudzora utsi, zvichibatsira mukuva nenzvimbo yakachena uye inogara kwenguva refu.
Kukosha kwezvigadzirwa zvepasi zvisingawanzoonekwi muma catalysts matatu kuri mukukwanisa kwazvo kuvandudza mashandiro uye kugara kwenguva refu kwema catalysts. Nekushandisa hunhu hwakasiyana hwezvinhu zvepasi zvisingawanzoonekwi, zvakaita senzvimbo yazvo yepamusoro, kugona kuchengetedza okisijeni, uye kugadzikana kwekupisa, vagadziri vemotokari vanogona kugadzira ma catalysts anoshanda zvakanaka uye asingakuvadzi nharaunda. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete mukuzadzisa mitemo yakaoma yekuburitsa utsi asi zvinoderedzawo kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwekuburitsa utsi hwemotokari. Sezvo indasitiri yemotokari ichiramba ichikoshesa kuchengetedza utsi uye mutoro wezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvepasi zvisingawanzoonekwi muma catalysts matatu kucharamba kuri chinhu chakakosha mutekinoroji yekudzora utsi.

Mukupedzisa, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvisingawanzoonekwi muzvinhu zvinogadzira zvinhu zvine simba kwakachinja kudzora kuburitsa zvinhu muchikamu chemotokari. Hunhu hwakasiyana hwezvinhu zvisingawanzoonekwi muzvinhu zvakabatsira kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira zvinhu zvine simba, zvichibatsira kuti nharaunda ive yakachena uye ine hutano. Sezvo kudiwa kwetekinoroji dzemotokari dzakachena kuri kuramba kuchikura, kukosha kwezvigadzirwa zvezvigadzirwa zvisina simba muzvinhu zvinogadzira zvinhu zvine simba kuchawedzera kuoneka, zvichitungamira mberi muhunyanzvi hwekutonga kuburitsa zvinhu zvine simba.