Chinhu chinonzi Cerium (Ce)

Chinhu chinonzi "cerium" chakawanikwa ndokutumidzwa zita muna 1803 nemusayendisiti wekuGermany Martin Heinrich Klaproth pamwe nenyanzvi dzemakemikari dzekuSweden Jöns Jakob Berzelius naWilhelm Hisinger, vachikudza asteroid Ceres, yakawanikwa muna 1801.

Cerium ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana:
(1) Sechinowedzerwa mugirazi,ceriuminogona kupinza mwaranzi ye ultraviolet ne infrared, zvichiita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya mumagirazi emotokari. Izvi hazvingodziviriri chete kubva kumwaranzi ye ultraviolet asiwo zvinoderedza tembiricha yemukati memotokari, nokudaro zvichichengetedza simba rinoshandiswa pakutonhodza mhepo. Kubva muna 1997, magirazi ese emotokari muJapan akabatanidzwa ne cerium oxide, uye muna 1996, United States yakadya matani anopfuura chiuru ecerium oxideyegirazi remotokari.

(2)Ceriumparizvino inoshandiswa mukugadzira magasi emotoka anobuda, zvichidzivirira kuburitswa kwakawanda kwemagasi emotoka anobuda mumhepo. MuUnited States, kushandiswa kwecerium nechinangwa ichi kunoumba chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chehuwandu hwese hwezvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki zvinoshandiswa.

(3) Cerium sulfide inogona kutsiva simbi dzine njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza dzakadai se lead ne cadmium mu pigments, dzakakodzera kupenda purasitiki, pamwe chete nemumaindasitiri ekupenda, inki, uye mapepa.

(4) Sisitimu yeCe: LiSAF laser, iyo solid-state laser yakagadzirwa muUnited States, inogona kutarisa huwandu hwetryptophan kuti ione zvombo zvebhayoloji uye ine mashandisirwo ekurapa.

Kuchinja-chinja kwecerium kunoonekwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira hupfu hwekupukuta, zvinhu zvekuchengetera hydrogen, zvinhu zvethermoelectric, cerium tungsten electrodes, ceramic capacitors, piezoelectric ceramics, cerium silicon carbide abrasives, zvinhu zvefuel cell, peturu catalysts, specific permanent magnet materials, akasiyana-siyana alloy steels, uye colored metals.