Zvinhu zvepasi zvisingawanzoonekwi (REEs) zvava chinhu chakakosha muhupenyu hwemazuva ano, sezvo zviri zvinhu zvakakosha muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvetekinoroji yepamusoro zvakaita semafoni, mota dzemagetsi, maturbine emhepo, uye masisitimu ezvombo. Kunyangwe indasitiri yepasi isingawanzoonekwi iri diki kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzezvicherwa, kukosha kwayo kwakakura nekukurumidza mumakore mashoma apfuura, kunyanya nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekudiwa kwetekinoroji itsva uye shanduko yepasi rose kuenda kune masosi esimba anochengetedza nguva dzose.
Kugadzirwa kwevhu risinganyanyi kuwanikwa kwave kuri chinhu chinonakidza kunyika dzakawanda pasi rose, kusanganisira China, United States, neAustralia. Kwemakore mazhinji, China yave iri kambani huru yekupa REEs, ichipa mari inodarika 80% yekugadzirwa kwepasi rose. Nyika risinganyanyi kuwanikwa hadzinyanyi kuwanikwa, asi dzakaoma kuburitsa nekugadzira, zvichiita kuti kugadzirwa kwadzo kuve basa rakaoma uye rakaoma. Zvisinei, nekudiwa kuri kukura kweREEs, kwave nekuwedzera kukuru kwemabasa ekutsvaga nekusimudzira, zvichikonzera kuwanikwa kwenzvimbo itsva dzevhu risinganyanyi kuwanikwa nekugadzirwa.
Imwe nzira iri muindasitiri ye rare earth ndeyekuwedzera kwekuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zve rare earth. Neodymium ne praseodymium, izvo zvinhu zvakakosha mumagineti anogara aripo anoshandiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaindasitiri netekinoroji yepamusoro, zvinoumba huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu zvisingawanzoonekwi zve rare earth. Europium, chimwe chinhu chisingawanzoonekwi che rare earth, chinoshandiswa mumaterevhizheni emavara uye mwenje we fluorescent. Dysprosium, terbium, uye yttrium zviri kudiwawo zvakanyanya nekuda kwehunhu hwazvo hwakasiyana, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zve high-tech.
Kuwanda kwekudiwa kwevhu iri kushoma kunoreva kuti pane chikonzero chekuwedzera kugadzirwa, izvo zvinoda mari yakawanda mukutsvaga, kuchera, uye kugadzirisa. Zvisinei, nekuoma kuripo mukuchera nekugadzira maREE, uye mitemo yakasimba yezvakatipoteredza iripo, makambani emigodhi ari kutarisana nematambudziko makuru anononotsa kufambira mberi kwekugadzirwa.
Kunyange zvakadaro, tarisiro yekukura kwezvirimwa zvisina kugadzirwa zvakanaka ichiri yakanaka, nekuda kuri kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwetekinoroji itsva, mota dzemagetsi, uye simba rinogona kushandiswazve zvichikonzera kudiwa kuri kukura kweREEs. Kukura kwenguva refu kwechikamu ichi kwakanaka, musika wezvigadzirwa zvisina kugadzirwa zvakanaka pasi rose unotarisirwa kusvika mabhiriyoni emadhora $16.21 panosvika gore ra2026, zvichikura paCAGR ye8.44% pakati pa2021-2026.
Mukupedzisa, mafambiro ekukura kwe rare earth uye tarisiro yakanaka. Nekuwedzera kuri kuita kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji yepamusoro, pane chikonzero chekuwedzera kugadzirwa kweREEs. Zvisinei, makambani emigodhi anofanira kutarisana nematambudziko aripo mukuchera nekugadzirisa REEs uye kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yezvakatipoteredza. Kunyange zvakadaro, tarisiro yekukura kwenguva refu yeindasitiri ye rare earth inoramba yakasimba, zvichiita kuti ive mukana unokwezva kune vanoisa mari nevane chekuita nazvo.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-05-2023
